Object-oriented systems are usually partitioned into layers of related responsibilities and only dependencies in one direction are allowed, from higher layers (more specific, less reusable) to lower ...

Nested classes are classes that are declared as members of other classes or scopes. Nesting classes is one way to better organize your code. For example, say you have a non-nested class (also known as ...

We discuss some of the most common design patterns in Java and how they can help you solve common coding issues. Learn more. A design pattern is a well-established and documented solution to a common ...

If you're not familiar with object-oriented programming, some of the concepts can be hard to understand, especially if you're a longtime procedural language programmer. Follow along as we take a look ...

Imagine you are an expert object-oriented Java developer who meticulously crafts code the way an artist cares for their masterpiece. You believe clean code is an absolute necessity. Classes with clear ...

Wouldn’t it be nice if all Java classes that you use, including your own, lived up to their promises? In fact, wouldn’t it be nice if you actually knew exactly what a given class promises? If you ...