All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology and ...

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...

Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Editor’s Note: This article was submitted in response to the call for ideas issued by the co-chairs of the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, Eric Schmidt and Robert Work. It ...

Are you truly making the most of your efforts and resources? How can we measure productivity and ensure we’re achieving optimal results for the effort we put in? In this article, we delve into the ...

Even when change is good, most of us would rather run the other way when we see it coming. This is simply human nature, especially when a system seems to be working satisfactorily. But the reality is ...

Life is often not as difficult as it seems, and it is a good idea to ratchet back on complexity, keep things simple, and stick to what is important. The input/process/output diagram above helps us do ...