All manufacturers and designers of electrically operated products have an obligation to ensure that their equipment functions in a correct and safe fashion, meeting quality and performance standards ...

In-circuit test (ICT) systems have been the leaders in using electrical means to look for structural defects in PCBs. They employ bed-of-nails fixtures to provide electrical access to as many as 7000 ...

What methods can be applied to verify PCB functionality and safety? Which are suitable for mass production and for prototypes? What parameters are checked in each test? How to check a PCB without ...

Conducting product testing on printed circuit boards (PCBs) has the potential to become costly. Because of this, it’s easy for businesses to view PCB assembly testing as an expense without much value.