Longitudinal calcium imaging in the medial prefrontal cortex reveals the emergence of de novo task representations and reward-associated replay.

Understanding how the brain learns and applies rules is the key to unraveling the neural basis of flexible behavior. A new study from the University of Toyama, Japan, reveals that our ability to ...

Recent neuroscience studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have enhanced our understanding of how sleep is related to learning and memory. A study just reported in the journal ...

It is well established in psychology that humans conceptualize emotions by features known as valence (the degree of pleasantness or unpleasantness) and arousal (the intensity of bodily reactions, such ...

Researchers have discovered that the dorsal premotor cortex serves a 'meta-learning' function, overseeing and regulating physical movements. Once believed to be limited to movement planning, this ...

Neurodegenerative disease profoundly affects structures and pathways responsible for memory, cognition, and higher-order ...

Many horse owners think the existence of the prefrontal cortex is a major controversy in equine science. It’s not. It’s just an area that’s riddled with misinformation. Curiously, most people—horsey ...

A study published in Nature on August 6, 2025, found that lithium is the only metal significantly depleted in the prefrontal ...