with her late husband William “Bill” Shockley. The couple’s kids went on to continue growing the family tree. When Nellie was ...

Founded in 1955, Shockley Semiconductor was the brainchild of William Shockley. When he was ready to leave Bell Labs, he decided to form a company to build transistors. Funded by Beckman ...

With William Shockley's difficult managerial style, working at Shockley Semiconductor became increasingly difficult for the researchers there. In May of 1957, just over a year after the company ...