The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...

X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is a powerful structural characterization tool that is essentially a two point probe which measures the distance between all pairs of atoms within the diffraction volume ...

Definition: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is a powerful analytical technique used to characterize the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal. By measuring the angles and intensities of diffracted beams ...

With the development of different techniques for the synthesis of nanomaterials, researchers are constantly looking for a more precise instrument for their nanoscale characterization. X-ray ...

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a powerful non-destructive analytical technique used to evaluate crystalline materials and determine their structural properties. As one of the most widely used ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...

Physiochemical properties such as solubility and dissolution rate play a crucial role when it comes to the therapeutic efficacy of oral drug formulations. According to the Biopharmaceutical ...

X-ray crystallography, like mass spectroscopy and nuclear spectroscopy, is an extremely useful material characterization technique that is unfortunately hard for amateurs to perform. The physical ...