Archaeologists in Norway have uncovered what might be the oldest known rune stone, pushing back the origins of runic writing further than ever imagined. Estimated to date between 50 BCE and 275 CE, ...

Much of what we know about Viking and early Scandinavian society, and the voyages of discovery by Leif Erikson, come from their written records. The reason these records survived the sands of time is ...

People living in Scandinavia may have written encrypted messages in runes – the alphabet later used by the Vikings – several centuries earlier than previously thought. In runic writing systems, each ...